Saturday, May 29, 2010
Immune System Troubles Could Spark Behavior Woes - Mental Health Disorders on MedicineNet.com
Immune System Troubles Could Spark Behavior Woes - Mental Health Disorders on MedicineNet.com: "-- In the first scientific illustration of exactly how some psychiatric illnesses might be linked to an immune system gone awry, researchers report they cured mice of an obsessive-compulsive condition known as 'hair-pulling disorder' by tweaking the rodents' immune systems."
Wine Compound Reduces Oxidative and Inflammatory Response via Nrf2 Upon Exposure To Nitrosamines!
CiteULike: Resveratrol Suppresses Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Response in Diethylnitrosamine-Initiated Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis.: "Results of the present investigation provide evidence that attenuation of oxidative stress and suppression of inflammatory response mediated by Nrf2 could be implicated, at least in part, in the chemopreventive effects of this dietary agent against chemically induced hepatic tumorigenesis in rats."
Friday, May 28, 2010
Critical role of NO signaling in GMP in the Nrf2 antioxidant adaptive response.
This is the first to show a substantial corroboration of the biological significance of cellular 8-nitro-cGMP formation and potential roles of 8-nitro-cGMP in the Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response.
CiteULike: The critical role of nitric oxide signaling, via protein S-guanylation and nitrated cyclic GMP, in the antioxidant adaptive response.: "Fujii, S., Sawa, T., Ihara, H., Tong, K. I., Ida, T., Okamoto, T., Ahtesham, A. K. K., Ishima, Y., Motohashi, H., Yamamoto, M., and Akaike, T. (2010). The critical role of nitric oxide signaling, via protein s-guanylation and nitrated cyclic gmp, in the antioxidant adaptive response. The Journal of biological chemistry."
Acute stress modulates genotype effects on amygdala processing in humans
"genetic effects on brain operations can be state dependent, such that they only become apparent under specific, often environmentally controlled, conditions."
CiteULike: Acute stress modulates genotype effects on amygdala processing in humans:
CiteULike: Acute stress modulates genotype effects on amygdala processing in humans:
Postive Effects of Exercise on Memory from BDNF Resistance to Corticosterone.
Corticosterone is a main glucocorticoid involved in regulation of fuel, immune reactions, and stress responses. (Corticosterone: Wipedia)"This study suggests that the resistance of the hippocampal BDNF expression to suppression by corticosterone, as seen after water maze training, may contribute to an optimal memory performance." (Schaff)
Comment: It has been suggested that exercise exerts its influence by increasing a number of different hormones and cellular activators including BDNF and enhances memory and learning by activating the antioxidant system. (Ayoub) BDNF has been implicated as a factor in a number of mood disorders and altered levels in conditions including PTSD, fibromyagia and CFS and proteins such as GSK-3b may alter BDNF's downstream regulators. (Mai)
For more: HEIRS Library Tag: BDNF
Related Blogs: BDNF
Recommended:
CiteULike: Corticosterone effects on BDNF expression in the hippocampus. Implications for memory formation.: "suggest that the resistance of the hippocampal BDNF expression to suppression by corticosterone, as seen after water maze training, may contribute to an optimal memory performance."
Schaaf, M. J., De Kloet, E. R., and Vreugdenhil, E. (2000). Corticosterone effects on bdnf expression in the hippocampus. implications for memory formation. Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 3(3):201-208. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7224956
Other Sources:
Ayoub, R. S. (2009). Effect of exercise on spatial learning and memory in male diabetic rats. 18(3). http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7224997
Mai, L., Jope, R. S., and Li, X. (2002). Bdnf-mediated signal transduction is modulated by gsk3β and mood stabilizing agents. Journal of Neurochemistry, 82(1):75-83. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/6621876
HEIRS Health & Home
All rights reserved.
Wednesday, May 26, 2010
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor reduced immune reactions during influenza infection.
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation reduces dendritic cell function during influenza virus infection -- Jin et al., 10.1093/toxsci/kfq153 -- Toxicological Sciences: "AhR activation by chemicals from our environment impacts DC function to stimulate naïve CD8+ T cells, and that immunoregulatory genes within DCs are critical targets of AhR. Moreover, our results reinforce the idea that environmental signals and AhR ligands may contribute to differential susceptibilities and responses to respiratory infection."
Study Links Heptachlor, PCBs and Form of Vitamin E to Diabetes
"An analysis of 266 potential environmental contributors to type 2 diabetes published May 20, 2010 in the online edition of the journal PLoS ONE, links the disease to individuals who have higher levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and the pesticide heptachlor, as well a form of vitamin E found at high levels in soybean and corn oil, in their bodies compared to the general population. PCB was banned in 1979 and most uses of heptachlor were canceled between 1978 and 1989 (except for limited control of fire ants, which continues), but the compounds persist in the environment, especially near former industrial sites or contaminated soil"
Beyond Pesticides Daily News Blog » Blog Archive » Study Links Heptachlor, PCBs and Form of Vitamin E to Diabetes:
Tuesday, May 25, 2010
SNP in Gene Associated W/ Autism Present in CFS, Study Says!
DISC1 Ser704Cys might be a functional variant that affects one of the mechanisms implicated in the biology of CFS.
"Fukuda, S., Hashimoto, R., Ohi, K., Yamaguti, K., Nakatomi, Y., Yasuda, Y., Kamino, K., Takeda, M., Tajima, S., Kuratsune, H., Nishizawa, Y., and Watanabe, Y. (2010). A functional polymorphism in the disrupted-in schizophrenia 1 gene is associated with chronic fatigue syndrome. Life sciences."
CiteULike: A functional polymorphism in the Disrupted-in schizophrenia 1 gene is associated with chronic fatigue syndrome.:
Astroglial Amino Acid Shuttle Involved in Nociceptive Pain Sensitization!
"This study has demonstrated that the central sensitization induced in functionally identified nociceptive neurons in trigeminal subnucleus caudalis (the medullary dorsal horn) by application of an inflammatory irritant to the rat's tooth pulp can be significantly attenuated by continuous intrathecal superfusion of methionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of the astroglial enzyme glutamine synthetase that is involved in the glutamate–glutamine shuttle......Further, the lack of any observed significant effects of MSO alone, in contrast to our findings that it significantly attenuates MO-induced central sensitization, suggests that its action on astroglial GS is not evident in basal conditions but is apparent in hyperexcitable states, consistent with findings by ourselves and others that glia may not affect basal nociceptive processing but rather participate in exaggerated pain states. It is also noteworthy that an excess of glutamine in the CNS is involved in ammonia neurotoxicity possibly through its detrimental effects on mitochondrial function."
CiteULike: Astroglial Glutamate Glutamine Shuttle Is Involved in Central Sensitization of Nociceptive Neurons in Rat Medullary Dorsal Horn: "Chiang, C.-Y., Wang, J., Xie, Y.-F., Zhang, S., Hu, J. W., Dostrovsky, J. O., and Sessle, B. J. (2007). Astroglial glutamate glutamine shuttle is involved in central sensitization of nociceptive neurons in rat medullary dorsal horn. J. Neurosci., 27(34):9068-9076."
You might also like:
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http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/6962057
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Chen, P.-C., Vargas, M. R., Pani, A. K., Smeyne, R. J., Johnson, D. A., Kan, Y. W., and Johnson, J. A. (2009). Nrf2-mediated neuroprotection in the mptp mouse model of parkinson's disease: Critical role for the astrocyte. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106(8):2933-2938. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/6551224?show_msg=already_posted
More Support for Brain Changes in Fibromyalgia, Says Study!
"fibromyalgia is associated with deficits in intracortical modulation involving both GABAergic and glutamatergic mechanisms, possibly related to certain aspects of the pathophysiology of this chronic pain syndrome"
CiteULike: Alteration of cortical excitability in patients with fibromyalgia.:
New Study Says Prevalence for CFS Higher Than Previously Thought!
"The prevalence of CF in the general population appears to be much higher than previously indicated. Even with strict criteria for CFS, it is estimated that approximately 1% of the adult population experiences this condition."
CiteULike: Fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome-like complaints in the general population.:
CiteULike: Fatigue and chronic fatigue syndrome-like complaints in the general population.:
C-Reactive Protein Alters Protein Interactions W/ eNOS.
"negative protein-protein interactions of eNOS were able to partly explain the CRP-induced decreases in the activity of this critical enzyme, which caused endothelial dysfunction."
CiteULike: C-Reactive Protein Adversely Alters the Protein-Protein Interaction of the Endothelial Isoform of Nitric Oxide Synthase.:
Renal protection by a soy diet associated with restoration of NO generation.
"renal protective effect of soy protein appears to be mediated by improvement of NO generation and pointed out to caveolin-1 overexpression as a potential pathophysiological mechanism in renal disease"
CiteULike: Renal protection by a soy diet in obese Zucker rats is associated with restoration of nitric oxide generation.:
CiteULike: Renal protection by a soy diet in obese Zucker rats is associated with restoration of nitric oxide generation.:
PTSD may raise diabetes risk in service members
It's possible that the stress response associated with PTSD could contribute to widespread inflammation in the body and lower sensitivity to the blood-sugar-regulating hormone insulin, which could lead to diabetes, researchers say.
PTSD may raise diabetes risk in service members Reuters: "PTSD may raise diabetes risk in service members"
Folates Benefits on CNS Injury Mediates Through Methylation!
"New study implicates an epigenetic mechanism in CNS repair. Folic acid and possibly other nontoxic dietary methyl donors may therefore be useful in clinical interventions to promote brain and spinal cord healing. If indeed the benefit of folate is mediated by epigenetic mechanisms that promote endogenous axonal regeneration, this provides possible avenues for new pharmacologic approaches to treating CNS injuries."
CiteULike: Folate regulation of axonal regeneration in the rodent central nervous system through DNA methylation.: "Iskandar, B. J., Rizk, E., Meier, B., Hariharan, N., Bottiglieri, T., Finnell, R. H., Jarrard, D. F., Banerjee, R. V., Skene, P. H., Nelson, A., Patel, N., Gherasim, C., Simon, K., Cook, T. D., and Hogan, K. J. (2010). Folate regulation of axonal regeneration in the rodent central nervous system through dna methylation. The Journal of clinical investigation, 120(5):1603-1616."
Green Tea Activates Reexpression of Glutathione Via Methylation Mechanisms.
New study demonstrates that green tea polyphenols (GTP) has dual potential to alter DNA methylation and chromatin modeling and reexpression of glutathione transferase, the 2 global epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation and their lack of toxicity makes them excellent candidates for the chemoprevention of prostate cancer.
CiteULike: Promoter demethylation and chromatin remodeling by green tea polyphenols leads to re-expression of GSTP1 in human prostate cancer cells.: "Pandey, M., Shukla, S., and Gupta, S. (2010). Promoter demethylation and chromatin remodeling by green tea polyphenols leads to re-expression of gstp1 in human prostate cancer cells. International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer, 126(11):2520-2533."
Berry Compounds Reduce DNA Damage By Increasing DNA Repair!
Dietary berries and ellagic Acid prevent oxidative... [Int J Mol Sci. 2008] - PubMed result: "red raspberry and ellagic acid reduce endogenous oxidative DNA damage by mechanisms which may involve increase in DNA repair."
Monday, May 24, 2010
Green Tea Compounds Reduce Blood Brain Barrier Permeability in Brain Injury!
CiteULike: Effects of green tea polyphenols on caveolin-1 of microvessel fragments in rats with cerebral ischemia.: "Zhang, S., Liu, Y., Zhao, Z., and Xue, Y. (2010). Effects of green tea polyphenols on caveolin-1 of microvessel fragments in rats with cerebral ischemia. Neurological research."
Hormone Modulates Immune Cell Activation after Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice.
Recent study says leptin may modulate the immune responses from cigarette smoke. Other studies demonstrate that leptin and Il-6 may be involved with sickness syndrome and may include modulation of hormones that regulate behavior such as orexins and may contribute to inflammation-induced insulin resistance.
Notes: Recent study also demonstrates that cigarette smoke induced epigenetic changes in epithelial cells in vitro that may contribute to cancer growth.
CiteULike: Leptin Modulates Innate and Adaptive Immune Cell Recruitment after Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice.: "Vernooy, J. H., Bracke, K. R., Drummen, N. E., Pauwels, N. S., Zabeau, L., van Suylen, R. J. J., Tavernier, J., Joos, G. F., Wouters, E. F., and Brusselle, G. G. (2010). Leptin modulates innate and adaptive immune cell recruitment after cigarette smoke exposure in mice. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)."
HEIRS H&H
Harden, L. M., du Plessis, I., Poole, S., and Laburn, H. P. (2006). Interleukin-6 and leptin mediate lipopolysaccharide-induced fever and sickness behavior. Physiology & behavior, 89(2):146-155.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/4745011
Liu, F., Killian, J. K., Yang, M., Walker, R. L., Hong, J. A., Zhang, M., Davis, S., Zhang, Y., Hussain, M., Xi, S., Rao, M., Meltzer, P. A., and Schrump, D. S. (2010). Epigenomic alterations and gene expression profiles in respiratory epithelia exposed to cigarette smoke condensate. Oncogene, aop(current).
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7154109
Notes: Recent study also demonstrates that cigarette smoke induced epigenetic changes in epithelial cells in vitro that may contribute to cancer growth.
CiteULike: Leptin Modulates Innate and Adaptive Immune Cell Recruitment after Cigarette Smoke Exposure in Mice.: "Vernooy, J. H., Bracke, K. R., Drummen, N. E., Pauwels, N. S., Zabeau, L., van Suylen, R. J. J., Tavernier, J., Joos, G. F., Wouters, E. F., and Brusselle, G. G. (2010). Leptin modulates innate and adaptive immune cell recruitment after cigarette smoke exposure in mice. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)."
HEIRS H&H
Harden, L. M., du Plessis, I., Poole, S., and Laburn, H. P. (2006). Interleukin-6 and leptin mediate lipopolysaccharide-induced fever and sickness behavior. Physiology & behavior, 89(2):146-155.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/4745011
Liu, F., Killian, J. K., Yang, M., Walker, R. L., Hong, J. A., Zhang, M., Davis, S., Zhang, Y., Hussain, M., Xi, S., Rao, M., Meltzer, P. A., and Schrump, D. S. (2010). Epigenomic alterations and gene expression profiles in respiratory epithelia exposed to cigarette smoke condensate. Oncogene, aop(current).
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7154109
Altered Metabolism, Toxicity, Glutamate Dehydrogenase and NRF-1 and Its Activator PGC-1
Altered Metabolism, Toxicity, Glutamate Dehydrogenase and NRF-1 and Its Activator PGC-1 - PFOS alters genes for glutamate ammonioa ligase
Hurricanes - How To Prepare for Them!
Hurricanes: "A hurricane is a severe tropical storm that forms in the North Atlantic Ocean, the Northeast Pacific Ocean or the South Pacific Ocean. Hurricanes need warm tropical oceans, moisture, and light winds above them. If the right conditions last long enough, a hurricane can produce violent winds, large waves, torrential rains, and floods."
Sunday, May 23, 2010
Fear potentiation is associated with hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function in PTSD
Fear potentiation is associated with hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis function in PTSD: "impaired fear inhibition and associated alterations in HPA feedback may reflect amygdala hyperactivity in subjects with PTSD"
Gulf War and Health: Links to Fibromalgia, PTSD, IBS
IOM determines that Gulf War service causes post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and that service is associated with multisymptom illness; gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome; alcohol and other substance abuse; and anxiety disorders and other psychiatric disorders. To ensure that our veterans receive the best possible care, now and in the future, the government should continue to monitor their health and conduct research to identify the best treatments to assist Gulf War veterans still suffering from persistent, unexplained illnesses. The report also says there is some limited evidence of a link to fibromyalgia and ALS but the connection is less clear. Read more.
Increased levels of homocysteine in patients with ... [World J Gastroenterol. 2010] - PubMed result
Increased levels of homocysteine in patients with ... [World J Gastroenterol. 2010] - PubMed result: "Increased levels of homocysteine in patients with ulcerative colitis."
Glutamine Synthetase, PFOS and Neurotransmission
PFC are chemicals that are ubiquitous in the environmental and can or could be found in products including building materials, fabrics, packaging, clothing, protective gear etc. Recent studies show that these chemicals have the capacity to regulate or impair gene expression including those that regulate the excretion of toxic waste products that may result in alterations of neurotransmission and contribute to their toxicity. In addition, genetic problems may aggravate this inhibition and augment the physical consequences of exposure. Glutamine synthetase is one enzyme that is important for regulation of toxins such as ammonia in the brain as well as production of glutathione. In addition, certain conditions, such as in endotoxemia and implicated as a causal factor is CFS, the activity of this enzyme is further reduced. Nrf2 is protective against PFOS through the generation of HO-1 and reductions in its production may augment oxidative stress damage from PFOS.
Yang, X., Wang, L., Sun, W., and Xue, Z. (2009). [effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate on amino acid neurotransmitters and glutamine synthetase in rats]. Wei sheng yan jiu = Journal of hygiene research, 38(1):19-21. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/6999108
Häussinger, D. and Schliess, F. (2007). Glutamine metabolism and signaling in the liver. Frontiers in Bioscience, 12:371-391.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7208003
Shi, X. and Zhou, B. (2010). The role of nrf2 and mapk pathways in pfos-induced oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos. Toxicol. Sci., 115(2):391-400.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/6761678
Yang, X., Wang, L., Sun, W., and Xue, Z. (2009). [effects of perfluorooctane sulfonate on amino acid neurotransmitters and glutamine synthetase in rats]. Wei sheng yan jiu = Journal of hygiene research, 38(1):19-21. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/6999108
Häussinger, D. and Schliess, F. (2007). Glutamine metabolism and signaling in the liver. Frontiers in Bioscience, 12:371-391.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7208003
Shi, X. and Zhou, B. (2010). The role of nrf2 and mapk pathways in pfos-induced oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos. Toxicol. Sci., 115(2):391-400.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/6761678
PGC-1a Improves Lipid Use, Insulin Signalling and Glucose Transport in Muscle.
"Increases in PGC-1α levels, similar to those that can be induced by physiological stimuli, altered intramuscular lipids and improved fatty acid oxidation, insulin signalling and insulin-stimulated glucose transport, albeit to different extents in lean and insulin-resistant muscle."
CiteULike: Increased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) improve lipid utilisation, insulin signalling and glucose transport in skeletal muscle of lean and insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats:
CiteULike: Increased levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) improve lipid utilisation, insulin signalling and glucose transport in skeletal muscle of lean and insulin-resistant obese Zucker rats:
CiteULike: Insulin Reduces Plasma Arginase Activity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
NO availability, critical for vascular tone and normal function, is reduced in insulin resistance, including diabetes. Diabetes has been associated with exposures and bioaccumulation of persistant organic pollutants.
CiteULike: Insulin Reduces Plasma Arginase Activity in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: "Kashyap, S. R., Lara, A., Zhang, R., Park, Y. M., and DeFronzo, R. A. (2008). Insulin reduces plasma arginase activity in type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care, 31(1):134-139."
Health Notes, Insulin
Health Notes, Insulin: "pH of the blood affects the function of insulin. If the extra-cellular fluids are not alkaline enough, glucose cannot enter the cell. The result is fatigue (Allergies Diseases ...Bateson-Koch, p. 76)."
Ornithines Role in Muscle Building
Health Notes, Insulin: "Ornithine stimulates insulin secretion and helps insulin work as an anabolic (muscle building) hormone. (Mindell's Vitamin Bible, p. 112)"
Pathology in Hepatocerebral Disorders Include Ammonia Toxicity from Metals!
CiteULike: Metal Toxicity, Liver Disease and Neurodegeneration.: "Pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for cerebral dysfunction and neuronal cell death in hepatocerebral disorders include ammonia toxicity and neurotoxic effects of metals such as copper, manganese, and iron"
Ammonia and Urea in Acidosis
"Ammonia is excreted only as a defense against an acidosis condition because the neutralization of acid by ammonia has the effect of conserving bases in the blood."
Urea Cycle:
Urea Cycle:
Lactic acidosis from Heavy Metal Poisoning.
"Heavy metal toxicity, including poisoning with arsenic, can raise lactate levels and lead to generalized metabolic acidosis"
Lactic acidosis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Lactic acidosis - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia:
Il-6 Modulates CRF in the Hypothalamus in Response to Different Signals.
Module: 5/22/2010
Background: CRF can regulate signaling in response to different odors. In those cases, it can lead to an anxiolytic or elevation and other responses typical of the stress response including pain generation, immune regulation, itch, rash and other changes such as gastric function alterations. Of course, these are symptoms characteristic of chemical sensitivity and also some symptoms characteristic of other environmentally influenced conditions such as CFS and sickness syndrome.
A major regulator of sickness syndrome is Il-6 which can be functionally modulated through Il-10 and ultimately most probably HO-1 which has been shown in other studies to increase during exercise. Interestingly, one can identify similarities in cancer-related fatigue to some chronic symptoms of CFS and sickness syndrome including the exhausting fatigue and cachexia that is exhibited in the latter, in animals and humans. Preliminary studies suggest cytokine Il-6/Il-8 may modulate the severity of cancer-related fatigue and others show cancer-related fatigue is common with serotonin dysregulation. Coincidentally, in the trout corticotrophin activation by ammonia is associated with alterations in neurotransmitter levels including dopamine and serotonin. So here again, we see potential especially with periods of aberrant corticotrophin signalling, where symptoms of environmental illness such as anxiety, depression, weakeness and fatigue may present itself. These findings supports past studies that suggest that fatigue in CFS may be in part due to serotonin dysregulation and elevations in Il-6.(Ryan)
CiteULike: Transcriptional regulation of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor gene.: "Glucocorticoid-dependent repression of cAMP-stimulated CRF promoter activity is mediated by both nGRE and SRE in hypothalamic cells. Interleukin (IL)-6 produced in the hypothalamus stimulates the CRF gene. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3, which is induced by a cAMP stimulant and IL-6, is involved in the negative regulation of CRF gene expression in hypothalamic cells. Such complex mechanisms would contribute to stress responses and homeostasis in the hypothalamus."
Related: Hummel, M., Cummons, T., Lu, P., Mark, L., Harrison, J. E., Kennedy, J. D., and Whiteside, G. T. (2010). Pain is a salient ßtressor" that is mediated by corticotropin- releasing factor-1 receptors. Neuropharmacology.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7177466
Coric, V., Feldman, H. H., Oren, D. A., Shekhar, A., Pultz, J., Dockens, R. C., Wu, X., Gentile, K. A., Huang, S.-P. P., Emison, E., Delmonte, T., D'Souza, B. B., Zimbroff, D. L., Grebb, J. A., Goddard, A. W., and Stock, E. G. (2010). Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active comparator and placebo-controlled trial of a corticotropin-releasing factor receptor-1 antagonist in generalized anxiety disorder. Depression and anxiety, 27(5):417-425.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7193107
Theoharides, T. C., Singh, Boucher, W., Pang, X., Letourneau, R., Webster, E., and Chrousos, G. (1998). Corticotropin-releasing hormone induces skin mast cell degranulation and increased vascular permeability, a possible explanation for its proinflammatory effects. Endocrinology, 139(1):403-413.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7207688
Mustian, K. M., Fisher, S., Adams, J., Janelsins, M., Palesh, O., Darling, T., Peppone, L., Heckler, C., Williams, J., and Morrow, G. (2009). Cytokine-mediated changes associated with improvements in cancer-related fatigue induced by exercise: Results from a randomized pilot study of cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 27(15s).
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7207720
Ryan, J. L., Carroll, J. K., Ryan, E. P., Mustian, K. M., Fiscell, K., and Morrow, G. R. (2007). Mechanisms of cancer-related fatigue. The Oncologist, 12(1 supp):22-34.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7207823
Background: CRF can regulate signaling in response to different odors. In those cases, it can lead to an anxiolytic or elevation and other responses typical of the stress response including pain generation, immune regulation, itch, rash and other changes such as gastric function alterations. Of course, these are symptoms characteristic of chemical sensitivity and also some symptoms characteristic of other environmentally influenced conditions such as CFS and sickness syndrome.
A major regulator of sickness syndrome is Il-6 which can be functionally modulated through Il-10 and ultimately most probably HO-1 which has been shown in other studies to increase during exercise. Interestingly, one can identify similarities in cancer-related fatigue to some chronic symptoms of CFS and sickness syndrome including the exhausting fatigue and cachexia that is exhibited in the latter, in animals and humans. Preliminary studies suggest cytokine Il-6/Il-8 may modulate the severity of cancer-related fatigue and others show cancer-related fatigue is common with serotonin dysregulation. Coincidentally, in the trout corticotrophin activation by ammonia is associated with alterations in neurotransmitter levels including dopamine and serotonin. So here again, we see potential especially with periods of aberrant corticotrophin signalling, where symptoms of environmental illness such as anxiety, depression, weakeness and fatigue may present itself. These findings supports past studies that suggest that fatigue in CFS may be in part due to serotonin dysregulation and elevations in Il-6.(Ryan)
CiteULike: Transcriptional regulation of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing factor gene.: "Glucocorticoid-dependent repression of cAMP-stimulated CRF promoter activity is mediated by both nGRE and SRE in hypothalamic cells. Interleukin (IL)-6 produced in the hypothalamus stimulates the CRF gene. Suppressor of cytokine signaling-3, which is induced by a cAMP stimulant and IL-6, is involved in the negative regulation of CRF gene expression in hypothalamic cells. Such complex mechanisms would contribute to stress responses and homeostasis in the hypothalamus."
Related: Hummel, M., Cummons, T., Lu, P., Mark, L., Harrison, J. E., Kennedy, J. D., and Whiteside, G. T. (2010). Pain is a salient ßtressor" that is mediated by corticotropin- releasing factor-1 receptors. Neuropharmacology.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7177466
Coric, V., Feldman, H. H., Oren, D. A., Shekhar, A., Pultz, J., Dockens, R. C., Wu, X., Gentile, K. A., Huang, S.-P. P., Emison, E., Delmonte, T., D'Souza, B. B., Zimbroff, D. L., Grebb, J. A., Goddard, A. W., and Stock, E. G. (2010). Multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active comparator and placebo-controlled trial of a corticotropin-releasing factor receptor-1 antagonist in generalized anxiety disorder. Depression and anxiety, 27(5):417-425.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7193107
Theoharides, T. C., Singh, Boucher, W., Pang, X., Letourneau, R., Webster, E., and Chrousos, G. (1998). Corticotropin-releasing hormone induces skin mast cell degranulation and increased vascular permeability, a possible explanation for its proinflammatory effects. Endocrinology, 139(1):403-413.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7207688
Mustian, K. M., Fisher, S., Adams, J., Janelsins, M., Palesh, O., Darling, T., Peppone, L., Heckler, C., Williams, J., and Morrow, G. (2009). Cytokine-mediated changes associated with improvements in cancer-related fatigue induced by exercise: Results from a randomized pilot study of cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 27(15s).
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7207720
Ryan, J. L., Carroll, J. K., Ryan, E. P., Mustian, K. M., Fiscell, K., and Morrow, G. R. (2007). Mechanisms of cancer-related fatigue. The Oncologist, 12(1 supp):22-34.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/7207823
Saturday, May 22, 2010
Toll-like receptor 4 modulates skeletal muscle substrate metabolism.
"skeletal muscle is a target for circulating endotoxin and may provide critical insight into the link between a proinflammatory state and dysregulated metabolism as observed with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome."
CiteULike: Toll-like receptor 4 modulates skeletal muscle substrate metabolism.:
CiteULike: Toll-like receptor 4 modulates skeletal muscle substrate metabolism.:
Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) and the MTHFR gene
"With certain combinations of the MTHFR gene, some people have a limited supply of BH4."
Detox Puzzle: Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4):
Detox Puzzle: Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4):
Friday, May 21, 2010
CiteULike: S-Glutathiolation by peroxynitrite activates SERCA during arterial relaxation by nitric oxide
CiteULike: S-Glutathiolation by peroxynitrite activates SERCA during arterial relaxation by nitric oxide: "irreversible oxidation of key thiol(s) in disease impairs NO-induced relaxation by preventing reversible S-glutathiolation and activation of SERCA by NO/ONOO−."
Thursday, May 20, 2010
Acute and chronic exposure to shear stress have opposite effects on endothelial permeability to macromolecules
We conclude that chronic application of shear stress reduces endothelial permeability to macromolecules by a PI3K-NO-cGMP-dependent mechanism. Since atherosclerosis can be triggered by excessive entry of plasma macromolecules into the arterial wall, the phenomenon may help explain the atheroprotective effects of shear and NO.
CiteULike: Acute and chronic exposure to shear stress have opposite effects on endothelial permeability to macromolecules: "Warboys, C. M., Eric Berson, R., Mann, G. E., Pearson, J. D., and Weinberg, P. D. (2010). Acute and chronic exposure to shear stress have opposite effects on endothelial permeability to macromolecules. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 298(6):H1850-1856."
Wednesday, May 19, 2010
Dark Chocolate for Fibromyalgia & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Dark Chocolate for Fibromyalgia & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: "Dark Chocolate for Fibromyalgia & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome"
Resveratrol confers endothelial protection via act... [Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2010] - PubMed result
Resveratrol confers endothelial protection via act... [Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2010] - PubMed result: "Resveratrol confers endothelial protection via activation of the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2"
Overexpression of Nrf2 Protects Striatal Neurons from Mitochondrial Dysfunction.
"these results to show that multiple methods of astrocyte-specific Nrf2 overexpression provide protection from neurotoxicity in vivo."
CiteULike: Astrocyte-Specific Overexpression of Nrf2 Protects Striatal Neurons from Mitochondrial Complex II Inhibition:
The Role of Nrf2 and MAPK Pathways in PFOS-Induced Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos
"knockdown of Nrf2 reduced PFOS-induced HO-1 gene expression"
CiteULike: The Role of Nrf2 and MAPK Pathways in PFOS-Induced Oxidative Stress in Zebrafish Embryos:
Altered expression of genes involved in inflammation and apoptosis in frontal cortex in major depression
CiteULike: Altered expression of genes involved in inflammation and apoptosis in frontal cortex in major depression: "Shelton, R. C., Claiborne, J., Sidoryk-Wegrzynowicz, M., Reddy, R., Aschner, M., Lewis, D. A., and Mirnics, K. (2010). Altered expression of genes involved in inflammation and apoptosis in frontal cortex in major depression. Molecular Psychiatry."
Tuesday, May 18, 2010
Spicing the Meat Also Cuts the Cancer Risk
Spicing the Meat Also Cuts the Cancer Risk: "Newswise — Spices will do more than just enhance the taste of ground beef. They’ll also cut down on the risk of compounds that can cause cancer."
Rise in HO-1 is Associated With Rise in cGMP!
Our data show that it is possible to transduce rat endothelial cells with hHO-1 gene and to achieve selective hHO-1 expression to levels significantly higher than those of endogenous rat HO-1 expression. The overexpression of hHO-1 in rat endothelial cells was associated with an elevation in cGMP. Our data also reveal that augmentation of hHO-1 activity in transduced cells conferred substantial protection against cellular toxicity produced by H2O2 and heme.
CiteULike: Retrovirus-mediated HO gene transfer into endothelial cells protects against oxidant-induced injury: "Yang, L., Quan, S., and Abraham, N. G. (1999). Retrovirus-mediated ho gene transfer into endothelial cells protects against oxidant-induced injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 277(1):L127-133."
CiteULike: NO Says Yes to Mitochondria
Small amounts of NO stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and boost the supply of oxygen and respiratory substrates to mitochondria. In contrast, high amounts of NO produced by iNOS block mitochondrial respiration, and can be cytotoxic. Cold exposure results in noradrenaline release by sympathetic nerves, which elevates intracellular calcium ions and cAMP (via b3-adrenergic receptors) in brown fat adipocytes. This increase induces NO production by eNOS, which activates cGMP production from soluble guanylate cyclase. Expression of the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1 is enhanced by cGMP, resulting in increased production of NRF-1 and mtTFA, which stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis. Vasodilation of blood vessels (due to the action of NO on vascular smooth muscle) results in an increased supply of oxygen and respiratory substrates to mitochondria. Inflammation enhances iNOS expression, resulting in elevated production of NO, which directly blocks mitochondrial respiration and energy production.
CiteULike: NO Says Yes to Mitochondria: "Brown, G. C. (2003). No says yes to mitochondria. Science, 299(5608)."
Reductions in Anxiety with Increased cGMP
CiteULike: Anxiolytic Effects of Phosphodiesterase-2 Inhibitors Associated with Increased cGMP Signaling: "Masood, A., Huang, Y., Hajjhussein, H., Xiao, L., Li, H., Wang, W., Hamza, A., Zhan, C.-G., and O'Donnell, J. M. (2009). Anxiolytic effects of phosphodiesterase-2 inhibitors associated with increased cgmp signaling. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 331(2):690-699."
Memory and NO/cGMP
CiteULike: Critical Time-Window for NO-cGMP-Dependent Long-Term Memory Formation after One-Trial Appetitive Conditioning: "Kemenes, I., Kemenes, G., Andrew, R. J., Benjamin, P. R., and O'Shea, M. (2002). Critical time-window for no-cgmp-dependent long-term memory formation after one-trial appetitive conditioning. J. Neurosci., 22(4):1414-1425."
Monday, May 17, 2010
Melatonin attenuates methamphetamine-induced overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in microglial cell lines.
In highly aggressively proliferating immortalized (HAPI) cells, a rat microglial cell line, METH reduced cell viability in a concentration- and time-dependent manner and initiated the expression of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha. METH also induced the production of both ROS and RNS in microglial cells. Pretreatment with melatonin, a major secretory product of the pineal gland, abolished METH-induced toxicity, suppressed ROS and RNS formation and also had an inhibitory effect on cytotoxic factor gene expression
CiteULike: Melatonin attenuates methamphetamine-induced overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in microglial cell lines.: "Tocharus, J., Khonthun, C., Chongthammakun, S., and Govitrapong, P. (2010). Melatonin attenuates methamphetamine-induced overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in microglial cell lines. Journal of pineal research, 48(4):347-352."
Heating and Ventilation Can Redistribute Meth Lab Contaminants
bulk contaminants and remove obvious pseudoephedrine or methamphetamine-contaminated surfaces prior to heating, ventilation or sealing of a clandestine laboratory to avoid redistribution of material around the site.
CiteULike: Recoveries of trace pseudoephedrine and methamphetamine residues from impermeable household surfaces: implications for sampling methods used during remediation of clandestine methamphetamine laboratories.: "Abdullah, L. F. and Miskelly, G. M. (2010). Recoveries of trace pseudoephedrine and methamphetamine residues from impermeable household surfaces: implications for sampling methods used during remediation of clandestine methamphetamine laboratories. Talanta, 81(1-2):455-461."
The impact of IL-1 modulation on the development of lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive dysfunction
"blocking IL-1 signaling, the inflammatory cascade to LPS is attenuated, thereby reducing microglial activation and preventing the behavioral abnormality."
CiteULike: The impact of IL-1 modulation on the development of lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive dysfunction: "Terrando, N., Fidalgo, A. R., Vizcaychipi, M., Cibelli, M., Ma, D., Monaco, C., Feldmann, M., and Maze, M. (2010). The impact of il-1 modulation on the development of lipopolysaccharide-induced cognitive dysfunction. Critical Care, 14(3):R88+."
Sunday, May 16, 2010
Molecular and Biochemical Features of the Mitochondrial Enzyme Ornithine Transcarbamylase: A Possible New Role as a Signaling Factor.
CiteULike: Molecular and Biochemical Features of the Mitochondrial Enzyme Ornithine Transcarbamylase: A Possible New Role as a Signaling Factor.: "Díaz-Muñoz, M. and Hernández-Muñoz, R. (2010). Molecular and biochemical features of the mitochondrial enzyme ornithine transcarbamylase: A possible new role as a signaling factor. Current medicinal chemistry."