HEIRS Environmental Illness Research Blog: Sickness Syndrome, CFS, Fibromyalgia, IL-10 and HO-1

HEIRS Environmental Illness Research Blog: Sickness Syndrome, CFS, Fibromyalgia, IL-10 and HO-1

Activation of MCP-1/CCl2/CCR2 by TNF-a to cause microglial neuroinflammation and alterations in neurotransmission require the presence of the TNFR1. (D' Mello) The Nrf2 pathway has been shown to modulate inflammatory mediators including Tnf-a and the glutamate antiporter system. (Lewerenz) The TNFR1 receptor is important for preconditioning in ischemia to reduce injury from subsequent ischemia through interaction with the EAAT3. The EAAT3 transporter regulates glutamate and also is involved with glutathione synthesis and is present in cortical and striatal neurons. (Suchak) It works cooperatively with xCT to prevent depletion of glutathione caused by high glutamate levels and may be useful in eventual therapy for Parkinson's. (Lewerenz)

D'Mello, C., Le, T., and Swain, M. G. (2009). Cerebral microglia recruit monocytes into the brain in response to tumor necrosis factoralpha signaling during peripheral organ inflammation. J. Neurosci., 29(7):2089-2102. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/4079736
Suchak, S. K., Baloyianni, N. V., Perkinton, M. S., Williams, R. J., Meldrum, B. S., and Rattray, M. (2003). The 'glial' glutamate transporter, eaat2 (glt-1) accounts for high affinity glutamate uptake into adult rodent nerve endings. Journal of neurochemistry, 84(3):522-532. Suchak, S. K., Baloyianni, N. V., Perkinton, M. S., Williams, R. J., Meldrum, B. S., and Rattray, M. (2003). The 'glial' glutamate transporter, eaat2 (glt-1) accounts for high affinity glutamate uptake into adult rodent nerve endings. Journal of neurochemistry, 84(3):522-532. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/5699931
Pradillo, J., Hurtado, O., Romera, C., Cardenas, A., Fernandeztome, P., Alonsoescolano, D., Lorenzo, P., Moro, M., and Lizasoain, I. (2006). Tnfr1 mediates increased neuronal membrane eaat3 expression after in vivo cerebral ischemic preconditioning. Neuroscience, 138(4):1171-1178. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/5699676
Lewerenz, J., Klein, M., and Methner, A. (2006). Cooperative action of glutamate transporters and cystine/glutamate antiporter system xc- protects from oxidative glutamate toxicity. Journal of neurochemistry, 98(3):916-925. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/762845
Lewerenz, J., Albrecht, P., Tien, M.-L. T. L., Henke, N., Karumbayaram, S., Kornblum, H. I., Wiedau-Pazos, M., Schubert, D., Maher, P., and Methner, A. (2009). Induction of nrf2 and xct are involved in the action of the neuroprotective antibiotic ceftriaxone in vitro. Journal of neurochemistry. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/5627214
Maher, P., Lewerenz, J., Lozano, C., and Torres, J. L. L. (2008). A novel approach to enhancing cellular glutathione levels. Journal of neurochemistry, 107(3):690-700.
http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/3401858