Anti-diabetic Drug May Ameliorate Inflammatory Effects on Kidney Tubules

Troglitazone ameliorates high glucose-induced EMT and dysfunction of SGLTs through PI3K/Akt, GSK-3{beta}, Snail1, and {beta}-catenin in renal proximal tubule cells -- Lee and Han 298 (5): F1263 -- AJP - Renal Physiology: "HG induces EMT through ROS, PI3K/Akt, GSK-3β, Snail, and β-catenin. Subsequently, HG-induced EMT may result in SGLT dysfunction that is restored by the PPAR agonist troglitazone in primary cultured PTCs"

Exercise activates redox-sensitive transcription factors and restores renal d1 receptor function in old rats

Summary: "this study suggests beneficial effects of exercise in terms of increasing antioxidant defenses, decreasing oxidative stress, and improving kidney function in general and D1R function in particular in aging. Both Nrf-2 and NF-kappaB seem to play key role in this phenomenon."

George, L., Lokhandwala, M. F., and Asghar, M. (2009). Exercise activates redox-sensitive transcription factors and restores renal d1 receptor function in old rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol, 297(5):F1174-1180. http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/6056645

Oxalate-induced activation of PKC-{alpha} and -{delta} regulates NADPH oxidase-mediated oxidative injury in renal tubular epithelial cells

Oxalate-induced oxidative stress contributes to cell injury and promotes renal deposition of calcium oxalate crystals. However, we do not know how oxalate stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in renal tubular epithelial cells. We investigated the signaling mechanism of oxalate-induced ROS formation in these cells and found that oxalate significantly increased membrane-associated protein kinase C (PKC) activity while at the same time lowering cytosolic PKC activity. Oxalate markedly translocated PKC- and - from the cytosol to the cell membrane. Pretreatment of LLC-PK1 cells with specific inhibitors of PKC- or - significantly blocked oxalate-induced generation of superoxide and hydrogen peroxide along with NADPH oxidase activity, LDH release, lipid hydroperoxide formation, and apoptosis....Click here.

LPS Endotoxin Increases Inflammation, Decreases Antioxidant System and Alters Dopamine Receptor in Renal Tubule - Implications for Hypertension and Salt Intake!

Title: Inflammation compromises renal dopamine d1 receptor function in rats. American journal of physiology.

Summary: This study demonstrates that LPS differentially regulates Nf-kappaB, Nrf2, produces inflammation, decreases antioxidant enzymes, increases oxidative stress and alters dopamine D1 receptors in the renal tubule.

Citation: Asghar, M., Chugh, G., and Lokhandwala, M. F. (2009). Inflammation compromises renal dopamine d1 receptor function in rats. American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.http://www.citeulike.org/user/HEIRS/article/5886431