Release of Prostaglandin E2 and Nitric Oxide from Spinal Microglia Is Dependent on Activation of p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase.

TLR4: receptors that recognize liposaccharides on gram (-) bacteria that once activated trigger a number of different immune events.

"Our findings suggest that (a) activation of spinal microglia via TLR4 but not NK1 receptors produces PGE(2) and NO release from these cells; (b) the evoked PGE(2) release is generated by both COX-1 and COX-2, and (c) the COX-PGE(2) pathway is regulated by p38 and NOS2."

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